The Atacama’s sands are backdropped by massive volcanoes rising to 20,000 feet. Immense salt fields, colossal dunes, high-altitude geysers, hot springs and striking gorges contribute to the spectacular landscape. It is the driest place on earth, with some areas having no recorded rainfall. Yet despite the harsh environment, llamas, vicuñas and flocks of pink flamingos all flourish. Activities include dune walks, visits to the haunting Valley of the Moon (used by NASA to test robot vehicles) and sunrise excursions to the El Tatio geysers, followed by a soak in the thermal baths of Puritama. At night, the stargazing is sensational.